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John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men is regarded as one of the greatest American novels and is loved by readers. The novel is the story of two young poor workers, George and Lenni, who work on California ranches in the 1930’s, during the Great Depression. The protagonist George kills Lennie with a pistol after accidently choking Curly’s wife to death. George’s intention was to save Lennie from Curly and the ranch workers’ lynch mob. The problem from a moral standpoint is that George goes somewhere with a worker to “eat something” immediately after killing Lennie and he does not receive any punishment from society. Of Mice and Men was successfully adapted into a movie of the same name in 1939 and is considered a Hollywood classic. However, the movie does not perfectly reflect the original story of the novel. While the movie was successful, thanks at least in part to the changes, John Steinbeck’s nonteleological thinking in the novel disappears completely in the movie, as it is replaced by cause and effect. In addition, there is another notable story modification. Lennie carries a dead bird instead of a dead mouse in his pocket. This perverts Steinbeck’s intention and the theme of the novel. Accordingly, we can say that story modifications of an adapted screenplay have both positive and negative functions.