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영어

This study is purposed to figure out the mechanism of interaction effects of bureaucrat’s policy idea and the role of institution operated by bureaucrats, which play the role as determinant both on the domestic trade policy decision-making and on inter-governmental trade negotiation. For an example, a case analysis of Korea’s FTA policy and trade negotiation with China showed that both bureaucrat’s policy idea and governmental trade institution are the determinants which have strong influence on the trade deal result. According to the analysis of Korea-China FTA deal, it reached on the agreement at the lower level of market liberalization than it had been expected at the starting stage of the deal. From the viewpoint of the Korean government, the first reason of the result was an institutional structure change of trade policy decision-making process, which had happened in the middle of negotiation. If the institutional support can't hold up the trade bureaucrat's policy enforcement volition, even though the bureaucrats' policy idea is quite liberal, the trade deal might not reach an agreement at the high level of liberalization. At the initial stage of the Korea-China FTA deal, the level of bureaucrats’ strategic exploitation of institutional autonomy(slack) was higher in Korean negotiation group than in China. However after the control tower of trade policy of the Korean government had been changed from the former Office of the Minister for Trade (OMT) to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE), the negotiation power of the Korean government has been weakened at the negotiation with Chinese counterparts. As a consequence of interaction effect between the bureaucrat's policy idea and the trade policy institution, the FTA deal resulted in the lower level of degree in market opening. This result implies that both the bureaucrat's belief in deciding the policy direction and the government‘s internal institutional structure play a key role as determinant factors in domestic decision-making process and inter-governmental trade deal with foreign countries.