earticle

영어

In this thesis, the specific features of the development of an inanimate-subject passive have been examined with reference to the semantic type of verb used in the inanimate-subject passive. Verbs of change used in the inanimate-subject passive indicative state ─ which have existed ever since pre-modern times ─ were still being used most frequently even once modern times had already started. Thus, not only have the instances of use of the inanimate-subject passive showing state through the use of verbs of change increased sharply, but also the instances of its use indicative of event. In addition, it has been observed that inanimate-subject passive using verbs of non-change that were not typical before the modern times have noticeably developed once modern times commenced. This development is thought to have resulted from the expansion of the inanimate-subject passive into types indicative of event. The use of the passive sentence in the place of intransitive verbs has been examined, with attention mainly being paid to the function indicative of state. However, considering the modern-time expansion into different types indicative of event and the meanings of the verbs used in inanimate-subject passive, it is believed that it is necessary to examine not only the function indicative of state but also the function indicative of change, even for functions showing events that do not entail change.

일본어

本稿では、非情の受身に用いられている動詞の意味類型という観点から近代以降における非情の受身の発達の具体的な様相を観察した。近代以前から存在していた、結果状態を表す類型の非情の受身に用いられていた変化動詞は近代以降も相変わらず最も多く用いられ、変化動詞を用いて状態を表す非情の受身の用例のみならず、出来事を表す用例も急増していた。また、近代以前までは非典型的であった無変化動詞による非情の受身は、近代以降、非情の受身が出来事を表す類型へと拡張することにより、著しく発達している様相が観察された。非情の受身の自動詞的対応項としての役割は、主に対象の結果状態を表す働きに注目して考察されてきたのであるが、近代以降行われた出来事を表す類型への非情の受身の拡張、そして非情の受身に用いられている動詞の意味類型を考えれば、結果状態を表す働きのみならず、変化を表す働き、さらに変化を伴わない出来事を表す働きまで含めて考察する必要があると思われる。