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The purpose of this paper investigates an important issue in the field of contemporary homiletics: the significance of the cultural context in preaching. This paper deals with the important relationship between preaching and culture. It reveals that preaching always presupposes the cultural context of the audience whose members desire to know the meaning of the Word of God for their specific situation. Preaching should not and does not happen in a wilderness or an empty place where no listener is found. In this regard, the preacher, the message, the audience and its context are interrelated, and they are all necessary and indispensable ingredients in a preaching ministry. In particular, in dealing with the relationship between preaching and culture, the paper investigates the dimension of this homiletic issue through the work of H. Richard Niebuhr’s Christ and Culture. The book, Christ and Culture, was published in 1951 by H. Richard Niebuhr (1894-1962), a professor of Christian ethics at Yale Divinity School for thirty years. This book is one of the most influential Christian books of the past century. Perhaps no other book has dominated an entire theological conversation for so long. In this volume Niebuhr comes to grips with one of the most crucial issues of the Christian faith: “What is the relation of Christianity to cultural society?” Niebuhr argues that Christianity has been in “the double wrestle with its Lord and with the cultural society.” The basic argument of this book accounts for how the Christian church has understood itself in relation to both the living Lord as the object of faith and the cultural context in which the church resides. Niebuhr emphasizes that the struggle of the church in relation to these two realities, Christ and culture, has been an enduring problem, particularly in Western society, since the coming of Christ. Niebuhr’s work essentially argues that there have been various relationships between Christ and culture in the history of human civilization. His interpretation can be an insightful resource for investigating one of the important issues in preaching: the relationship between preaching and its cultural context. Consciously or unconsciously, preaching has always been a response to its cultural context. In fact, the response of the church to its culture can be seen as the response and interpretation of the preachers or the theologians to their cultural situation. In this vein, preaching can be an important representative voice of the church which always attempts to interpret and proclaim the relationship between Christ and culture. The paper briefly describes H. Richard Niebuhr’s argument on the issue of Christ and culture, and investigates how this issue has affected the church’s understanding of its surrounding culture and society. Finally, the paper examines the implication of his work in relation to the issue of ‘preaching and culture.’