earticle

영어

Confucius suggested 'Having no depraved thoughts'(思無邪), 'Enjoyment without being licentious and grief without being hurtfully excessive'(樂而不淫, 哀而不傷), and 'hatred of the music of Zheng(惡鄭聲)'. These are not what emphasize the function of music that express emotion, feeling, or desire, but conclusions based on ideas of Confucius like the harmony among class and the spread of benevolent government, etc. That is, music to Confucius was not a kind of thing for the sake of music itself, but a tool for realizing his thoughts, so, for him, music must be coincided with Justice(禮), and the feeling in music must be temperate by being controled by the notion of 'Enjoyment without being licentious and grief without being hurtfully excessive'(樂而不淫, 哀而不傷). For these reason, he hated the music of Zheng(鄭聲) which was the new style at that time, based on the heptatonic scale. For Confucius, the hatred of the music of Zheng(鄭聲) was the conclusion founded on the idea of Justice music(禮樂思想), because the music of Zheng(鄭聲) was quite different from the notion of 'Having no depraved thoughts'(思無邪) and of the 'Enjoyment without being licentious and grief without being hurtfully excessive'(樂而不淫, 哀而不傷) which, Confucius believed, were essential, further, it could not fulfill the function of government and education which music must keep. However, as far as we, modern times, concerned, the music of Zheng(鄭聲) must be estimated objectively by taking notice of music itself.