earticle

영어

The purposes of this paper is to evaluate the relative efficiency of regional festivals and to provide inefficient group members with benchmark models for improving their management efficiency. To do this, a DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) is taken advantage of as the efficiency evaluation method. DEA, as a non-parametric approach, evaluates relative efficiency of similar inputs and output structure and determines a set of Pareto-efficient decision making units(DMUs) with an objective of calculating a discrete piecewise frontier. In this paper, we use a DEA model to identify efficient and inefficient groups and measured efficiency scores of the Jeonnam regional festivals using eleven data for 2006-2008. With respect to efficiency analyzed by CCR and BCC models, the Jindo Miracle Sea festival stands high in 2006, whereas the Kwangyang Maehwa(Japanese apricot flower) Culture and the Gurye Sansuyoo(Cornus Officinalis) festivals show high in 2007 and 2008. In addition, we propose a policy of improving in management efficiency out of regard for output. We also performed Tier analysis for suggesting benchmark cases that could be as a role models to the members of the inefficient groups. Tier analysis is a technique that can cluster DMUs according to their efficiency levels. In this analysis, the efficiency scores of entire DMUs is obtained. The results reveal the most efficient group by indicating their scores are equal to 1. We call this group ‘tier 1’. Then, the analysis proceeds DEA again only with the inefficient DMUs which are not on tier 1. DMUs whose efficiency scores are equal to 1 are set ‘tier 2.’ We repeat the same procedure while the number of remaining inefficient DMUs is at least two times multiple of that of input plus output variables. As a result of Tier analysis, we find that the great battle of Myeongryang festival may take the Bubsung Dano festival, Damyang Bamboo festival and Gwangyang Maehwa festival as their benchmark cases. And Hampyeong butterfly festival may take Gokseong Simcheong festival, Damyang Bamboo festival and Gwangyang Maehwa festival as their benchmark cases. This result may provide a visible road-map for the local government. The local government can better understand the situation their festival and they prepare better strategies for the future. The results of the DEA model may be different according to the used input/output variables. This study examined the data of local government reports and selected proper elements. However, as the comparative efficiency of DMUs may change according to the input and output variables, it is hoped that there will be a number of studies to analyze efficiency of regional festivals by means of DEA in order to make the accurate evidences to identify optimal input and output combination.

한국어

본 연구에서는 전라남도 지역축제의 상대적 효율성을 평가하고 비효율적이라고 분석되는 축제들의 벤치마킹 대상을 제시하고자 한다. 이에 따라 2006년부터 2008년까지 지속성을 유지한 11개의 축제를 대상으로 DEA 분석을 실시하여 효율적 축제와 비효율적 축제를 파악하고, Tier분석을 실시하여 비효율적 축제가 벤치마킹할 수 있는 효율적 축제를 단계별로 제시하였다. CCR 및 BCC 모형에 의한 분석 결과, 2006년에는 진도신비의바닷길축제, 2007년과 2008년에는 광양매화문화축제와 구례산수유꽃축제가 각각 효율적인 것으로 분석되었고, 비효율적인 축제에 대하여 산출측면에서의 효율성 증대 방안을 제시하였다. Tier 분석 결과 함평나비축제와 해남명량대첩제가 최종적으로 비효율적 집단으로 평가되었고, 해남은 영광법성단오제·담양대나무축제·광양매화문화축제를, 함평은 곡성심청효문화축제·담양대나무축제·광양매화문화축제를 단계적으로 벤치마킹하면 효과적인 개선을 이룰 수 있을 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 각 지역축제를 관할하는 지방자치단체에 현실적이고 수용 가능한 정보를 제공하여 지역축제에 대한 단기 및 중·장기적 전략수립에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 판단된다