earticle

영어

In the recent situation that the worldwide recession continues and it is hard to get a job, young generations who face poverty is increasing. And this circumstance makes them reluctant to marry and have a baby, creating a vicious cycle. Moreover, since they entered a university, prospective employers of college graduates have been increasingly spending their time in a pre-employment activity such as, language study aborad, TOEIC, TOEFL, and school record, to get a better job, feeling stressful about employment. Thus, this study includes stressful factors Korean prospective employers of college graduates feel and how stressfully these factors affect them. In addition, it examines ways to reduce their stress, and suggests how to respond. First of all, this study analyzed how career barriers, pre-employment activity, and job search supporting program each university conducts impacts job seeking stress of graduand in korean, and looked into parameters like self-efficacy, career attitude maturity, which can reduce the influence factor. As a result, to begin with, it turned out that career barriers prospective employers of college graduates feel are the factor which increases job seeking stress, and it showed the same result as Park and Lee (2008). Second, it is found that pre-employment activity, such as language skill, school record, internship, which prospective employers of college graduates prepare to get a job they want, increases job seeking stress. This means pre-employment activity to get a good job makes prospective employers of college graduates stressful itself. And it also showed the same result as Park et al. (2005) study that deficient pre-employment activity, pressure, and uncertainty generate job seeking stress. Third, it is discovered that each university’s job search supporting program for improving employment rate can’t reduce job seeking stress. It doesn’t match the result of Park (2005) and Chang (2001), because prospective employers of college graduates don’t participate actively in the job search supporting program. Meanwhile, as a result of analyzing career attitude maturity control of self-efficacy as a factor to reduce the job seeking stress, career attitude maturity works as a moderating variable to reduce job seeking stress about employment, but doesn’t reduce job seeking stress regarding career barriers and job search supporting program. This doesn’t match the result of Lee and Lim (2001) study before. Next, as prospective employers of college graduates’ self-efficacy increase, it works as a moderating variable to reduce job seeking stress concerning career barriers and job search supporting program, but it is invalid in pre-employment activity. This is same result as Kim and Cho (2011), Baek (2011), and Chang (2001). Among factors to influence job seeking stress, pre-employment activity is more effective than career barriers, because prospective employers of college graduates focus on various pre-employment activities when looking for jobs. However, although too much job seeking stress prospective employers of college graduates feel in pre-employment activity makes problem, proper level of job seeking stress can play a good role in pre-employment activity by reducing a tension. Some results of this study don’t match the pre-studies’. In order to complement them, countermeasures employment-institutions in a university prepare is as below. First, for pre-employment activity to reduce job seeking stress which isn’t valid in this study, it is required that pre-employment activity needs reinforcing or needs to consist of mainly important contents, and needs to be promoted increasingly to prospective employers of college graduates. Second, in order to lower the career barriers, it is essential to provide overall information about employment. The information needs to be divided into the one head office of a university is responsible for and the other each college is in charge of. Third, to reduce the job seeking stress of graduand from concentrated pre-employment activity when they’re in the upper grades, the employment center of a university prepare systematic programs for the lower grades students. Fourth, to increase career attitude maturity helpful in reduce the job seeking stress, it is required to conduct a customized curriculum. Fifth, to reinforce the self-efficacy decreasing the job seeking stress, it is necessary to strengthen self-consciousness program or self-confidence about employment. The implications of this study are as below. First, even though the pre-studies attempted to explain mere part of an influential relationship between each variable, this study tries to explain definite one by suggesting concrete contents. Second, this study offers the career attitude maturity and the self-efficacy as an influential variable to reduce the job seeking stress, analyzing the factors that affect job seeking stress. Third, even if the pre-studies concentrated on looking into general influential factors by using an analysis method to search for a difference between groups, this study conducts an analysis to determine concrete relationship between influential factors.

한국어

본 연구는 대졸 취업 예정자들의 스트레스의 요인들을 살펴보고, 이들 요인들이 취업 예정자들에게 어느 정도의 스트레스를 주고 있는지에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 분석결과를 살펴보면, 취업 예정자들이 느끼는 진로장벽은 스트레스를 증가시키는 요인으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 대졸 취업 예정자들이 원하는 직장에 취업하기 위해 준비하는 취업준비활동은 스트레스를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 대졸 취업 예정자들이 원하는 곳에 취업하기 위한 준비활동의 그 자체만으로도 그들 스스로가 스트레스를 받고 있는 것으로 생각된다. 셋째, 대졸 취업 예정자들의 취업률 향상을 위해 각 대학에서 운영하고 있는 취업지원프로그램은 스트레스를 줄여주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 대졸 취업 예정자들의 스트레스를 줄여줄 수 있는 요인으로 진로의식성숙과 자기 효능감의 조절효과를 분석한 결과, 진로의식성숙은 취업준비활동이 스트레스에 미치는 영향에서 취업스트레스를 줄여주는 조절변수로서의 역할을 수행하는 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 진로장벽과 취업지원프로그램에서는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 자기 효능감은 진로장벽과 취업지원프로그램이 스트레스에 미치는 영향관계에서 이를 줄여줄 수 있는 요인으로 나타났으나, 취업준비활동에는 유의하지 않는 것으로 보여주었다. 한편, 대부분의 선행연구들이 각 변수들에 대한 영향관계를 설명하는 부분에 있어 일부의 내용들만으로 설명을 시도하였지만, 본 연구에서는 보다 구체적인 내용을 제시함으로써 보다 명확한 변수들 간의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그리고 본 연구에서 취업스트레스에 미치는 영향요인을 분석함과 동시에 이를 줄일 수 있는 요인변수로 진로의식성숙과 자기 효능감을 통해 대응기법을 제시하였다는 점에서 시사점을 제공하였다.