원문정보
The Problematics of Time, Value and Representation in Troilus and Cressida
초록
영어
In Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida, all the time is the present, since the world the play depicts is in the process of fragmentation. In the world of discontinuous time, all the action is iterative, and no historical memory is allowed to the people. What is done in the present is only meaningful. Time in this play is self-consuming like an adder with its tail in its mouth. This devouring time, with its spots of moments, allows no history to a person and hence no stable identity to speak of. A kind of stylistic "hara-kiri" is the proper way to express this world of discontinuity, dissonance, and relativity. Since all the characters are imprisoned in the present and have no historical wisdom to esteem themselves by, self-knowledge, if any, is only possible in partiality at best. Valuation is subjective and relative in this dramatic world where no common measure is allowed to exist, and where everybody sees things in his own perspective, with no feeling of human kindness. Shakespeare gives an expression to this common tradition of Renaissance scepticism in the dialogue between Ulysses and Archilles on the difficulty and partiality of self-knowledge in terms of mirror-reflection and visibility. Here value is but what is opined and imposed by the concerning situation. Value is like an airy fame that fritters away in the next moment. The debate in the play on value whether it is inherent in the object, or only subjectively possible is itself made insignificant when we see through the ironic fact that all the debaters are biased by self-interest and eye-blinded by the "green-eyed monster." In experimenting with this world of transitoriness and fragmentation, Shakespeare is in a dilemma. While he is proud of himself rewriting the Troy legend in his own present interest and viewpoint, appropriating all the achievements of his literary predecessors, he is at once anxious about of being overrun and trodden down, in his turn, by the following upstarts. This anxiety makes him sceptical about literary representation. If representation stands up for the presentation of something absent in the present, the ever-present presence is only visibly meaningful because the present eyes see only the present objects. These problematics of discontinuous time, relative value, and self-negating representation make this play one of the most experimental both dramatically and metaphysically in the whole Shakespearean canon.
목차
ABSTRACT