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This paper aims to distinguish synecdoche from metonymy. For this purpose, the previous studies of metonymy and synecdoche were reviewed. Also, the problems of the previous studies were discussed. This paper, revising the definition of metonymy and synecdoche that Seto defined, proposes the definition of them: metonymy is a referential transfer phenomenon based on the contiguity between entities or categories, while synecdoche is a referential transfer phenomenon based on the inclusion between part and whole within a single entity or category. Also, this paper proposes the distinction between metonymy and synecdoche as the following figure shows. metonymysynecdochenature of relationshipcontiguityinclusion function of relationshipreferential transfer between entities or categories referential transfer between part and whole within a single entity or category Thus defined and distinguished, synecdoche is not a mere subtype of metonymy but an independent trope.