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This study is a survey of Mongolia's traditional children`s songs. It is based on a data survey and collection over a period of six months as well as an 8-day spot survey in Mongolia. The original spot survey in Mongolia was scheduled to be carried out in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, for 10 days from May 14-24, 2009. However, due to the airplane schedule, the actually survey period was 8 days. The origins of Mongolia's traditional children`s songs coincides with the appearance of the term called ‘Xuxdiin duu,’ which means 'children's song,' during the beginnings of socialism in the 1940s. Traditionally, Mongolia's children`s songs had been included in the category of adults' songs without distinction as 'traditional children`s song' or 'children`s song.' 'Children's songs' were created as a separate category as part of educational developments in schools. Before this educational provision, traditional children`s song or children`s song in Mongolia did not exist primarily due to the nomatic lifestyles of the people. Mongolian people, who are nomadic race, make a living while moving the family unit from place to place. Thus, there are songs that adults sing for children or that became children's songs naturally due to exposure to the adults' songs. However, those are not officially categorized as children`s songs. The examination of the birth of Mongolia's traditional children`s songs led to confirmation that it is based on a combination of folk song and epic song styles in Mongolia. Mongolia's traditional children`s songs, which were collected through the spot survey, totaled approximately 36 pieces. Musical analysis of the 36 pieces reveals a mainstream rhythm consisting of a two-four time, three-four time, and four-four time. Two of the 36 pieces are in three-eight time and six-eight time. The musical scale is a pentatonic scale. It is typical for the musical range not to exceed an octave and a half. Musical characteristics of Mongolia's traditional children`s songs are usually short, neat, fluent, formal, easy to know, and easy to memorize. Given the musical characteristics of Mongolia's traditional children`s songs, we can see that they are not greatly different from our country's traditional children`s songs. These songs are, as well, most likely quite similar to traditional children`s songs in other parts of the world. In terms of methodology, some doubt the validity of the spot survey in researching foreign music. But, surveys of 'traditional children's songs' have helped us gain a general view of their characteristics. Therefore, these types of surveys are helpful in learning about musical classifications, structures, and concepts elsewhere.