earticle

영어

In the history of the political thought, no matter in the East or in the West, there were people who not only advocated the implementation of the autocratic monarchy, but also provided the complete “the skill of reign” for monarch about how to rule the country and how to govern the officials in feudal times. In China, Shen Buhai and Hanfei in the Warring States period are representatives. Shen Buhai reminded the monarch that any official was unreliable and in order to maintain political governing, the monarch must try to make officials fear and obedient and the key to do that is the use of political trickery. He said the use of political trickery can be considered from two aspects, one is to make officials clear their responsibilities and two is the monarch cannot freely express their own opinions. Han Fei believed that the monarchy rule the country, on the one hand, must rely on the rule of law, on the other hand must depend on the “the skill of reign”. In the Western Renaissance, in the light of the actual situation of Italy's split, Machiavel completely expounded his autocratic monarchy theory and the skill of monarch rule. Machiavel stressed that the monarch can do anything in order to achieve political purposes. His theory is called “machiavellianism”. Although the eastern and western thinkers lived in different times and different countries, however, because their own experience and the thinking track showed similarity, the thoughts of them amazingly presented “the resonance beyond time and space”. Even the descendants pass different judgments on these, the thoughts of the thinkers are still immortal treasures in the treasure house of human culture.