earticle

영어

In Korea the social investment approach has been adopted in response to ‘New Social Risks’ such as rapid ageing, family structure change and increasing social activities of women. Social services for the elderly and children have expanded to support families which could not provide care services for their fragile and needy family members. The social investment approach encompasses three goals; activation of labor market participation of women, gender equality both in family duty and wage work, and enhancement of care service quality. But in Korea, social service expansion has been more focused in activation of women in labor market while the other goals have been neglected. Therefore it is unclear whether expanding social services in Korea have the socioeconomical effects of social investment approach. This study aims at estimating socioeconomical effect of social services in Korea and comparing defamilialization effect of social services with three scandinavian countries (Sweden, Norway, Denmark) and 3 continental European countries (France, Netherlands and Germany). Comparison in this study focuses on the two major service fields elderlycare and childcare. In Denmark the levels of defamilialization effects in childcare and elderlycare are very high. But in Germany the level of defamilialization effects are very low in both childcare and elderlycare. In Sweden and France the level of defamilialization effects in elderlycare is low, but in childcare is relatively high. In Norway the level of defamilialization effect in childcare is low, but effect in elderlycare is relatively high. In Korea 8 out of 100 the elderly use full-time care service, which means the lowest level of defamilialization among compared countries. 67 of 100 children under age 5 use full-time care service, which means the same high level of defamilialization as Denmark and Sweden. While defamilialization effect of elderlycare in Korea is to be enhanced, but in childcare is satisfactory. But in this analysis various factors of social investment approach were not taken into consideration. In order to analyse comprehensive defamilialization effects, participation rate of woman in labor market, role adjustment between men and women in work and family, gender wage gap should be taken into consideration.

한국어

1990년대부터 유럽 복지국가들에서 채택하고 있는 사회투자접근에 기초한 사회서비스를 기준으로 복지국가를 유형화하려는 시도가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2000년대 초반부터 확대되고 있는 우리나라 사회서비스의 사회경제적 효과를 유럽의 6개 국가들과 비교하기 위해 노인 및 아동 돌봄서비스의 탈가족화 효과를 파악하였다. 그 결과 우리나라 노인돌봄서비스의 탈가족화 효과는 비교대상 국가들 중 가장 낮은 수준이지만 그에 비해 아동돌봄서비스는 덴마크나 스웨덴에 근접하는 비교적 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 한편, 이러한 분석은 개인들이 소득활동이나 돌봄의 문제를 가족관계에 의존하지 않고 선택할 수 있는 자율성 관점, 특히 여성들의 자율성측면에서의, 탈가족화 효과를 비교하지 못한 한계가 있다. 탈가족화 효과를 종합적으로 비교하기 위해서는 임금근로와 돌봄에서의 남녀 간 역할분담, 출산 및 육아휴직, 노동시장참여 여성의 비율 그리고 남녀 간 임금격차 등의 다양한 지표들을 고려한 추가적인 분석이 이루어져야 할 것이다.