earticle

영어

The primary purpose of this study was to analyze the policies for establishment authorized or sanction of Japan and Korean private Universities. Specifically, the purpose of this study was further defined by the following research questions:First, what was the hot issues confronting Korean and Japan private universities and what were the policies trend for establishment authorized or sanction of Japanese and korean private Universities?Second, what was the analysis model for policies for establishment authorized or sanction of Japanese and Korean private Universities? Finally, what were the realities of establishment authorized or sanction policies of Korean private Universities and advanced measures to reform the policies concerned in this study? The major conclusions could be summarized as follows:First, the private university characterized by autonomous governance and publicity has played great roles not only on the national developments, but also on the widened educational opportunities and human resources development. The problems facing the private universities could be summarized as decreased enrollment, restructuring governance system, and school financing. As for the establishment policies of the private universities in the Japan, the States emphasized the specialty and autonomous governance of the private universities, whereas Japan is very similar as Korea in that government exercise more control and regulations on the policies of establishment and enrollment quota control, even though Japanese private universities have more power in school governance. Second, the analysis model of establishment authorized or sanction policies in Japan and Korea was composed of three folds; the establishment authorized or sanction policies were analyzed from the points of compatibility, publicity and autonomy. Finally, the government had the intention to enhance the quality and international competitiveness of the private universities through the establishment authorized or sanction policy. In the process of implementing policy, however, the policy rather interrupted the educational autonomy of the private university since they were made mainly from the control-centered points. And they caused the corrupted operation of the private universities. Some universities misused establishment standards, keeping the physical elements such as school buildings, school area, facilities, and equipments to the least. This resulted in sub-action on the side of educational quality. The government policies in response of education market open act may cause the equity problems in the establishment qualifications and the school managements of home universities. Therefore, the alternatives to increase the competitiveness of home universities are urgently needed to be found.

한국어

본 연구는 한국과 일본의 사립대학 설립 인․허가 정책을 비교분석하여 우리나라 정부의 대학 설립 정책 수립에 새로운 방향을 제시하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 사립대학의 정체성과 당면문제를 살펴보았고, 비교분석하기 위한 준거로 적합성, 공공성, 자주성을 설정하였다. 이들 준거로 한일 양국의 공통점 및 차이점을 비교분석하였으며, 여기서 발견되는 시사점을 바탕으로 보다 발전된 사립대학의 설립 인․허가 정책에 대한 방향을 제시하였다. 연구방법은 관련 문헌을 국가 간 국제비교에 의한 접근방법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과 정부는 설립허가만 남발하였고 대학은 자생적 대응능력 부족으로 한계를 보여 왔다. 따라서 백화점식으로 운영되고 있는 대학들을 소규모 특성화를 지향하도록 하는 정책을 적극 시행해야하며, 지역 간 대학이 상호 발전하고 자립할 수 있도록 행․재정 지원을 공평성 있게 조정하여야 한다.