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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify job stress and psychological health of female household head workers and investigate the relationship between them. Methods: This study was cross-sectionally designed. We analysed the secondary data extracted from the 2nd and 3rd Korean Working Condition Survey. 4,807 female employees were included in the final analysis. x2 test and multiple logistic regression using IBM SPSS 23.0 were performed. Results: 46.7% of female household head workers were in poor psychological health. In the area of job stress-related characteristics affecting the level of psychological health, it was found that female household head workers had a higher likelihood of becoming psychologically unhealthy due to organizational relationships and inadequate compensation factors. Conclusion: Considering the fact that the number of female household head workers is gradually expanding as a breadwinner, it is necessary to find a way of paying attention to their job stress and psychological health in order to support them.