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Objectives : The purpose of this study was to find factors influencing compliance with the national cancer screening program in middle-aged men. Methods : The data were collected from July 28, to October 31, 2015. Total subjects were 615 middle-aged men living in Busan. Results : The Rate of compliance with the NCSP(National Cancer Screening Program) for middle-aged men was 52.2%. There were significant differences in the compliance with the NCSP for the following barrier of exam(χ ²=7.327, p=.007), self-efficacy(χ²=23.074, p<.001), age(χ²=38.823, p<.001), marital status(χ²=19.012, p<.001), cancer diagnosis in family(χ²=7.615, p=.006), smoking(χ²=9.012, p=.011), drinking(χ²=7.073, p=.008), exercise(χ²=14.615, <.001). Factors influencing the rate of compliance for the NCSP in middle-aged men were self-efficacy, age, marital status, exercise, and cancer diagnosis in family. Conclusion: To increase the rate of compliance to the NCSP in middle-aged men it is necessary to elevate the self-efficacy. Additional more positive support needed in men who are younger have no cancer diagnosis in their family are smokers and not m married encourage and improvve paticipation in the examination