earticle

영어

This study analyzed the characteristics of citizen participation and its effects on the planning of public cultural facilities in Japan. This study started with a research on the social background in which citizen participation has been adopted widely by the local municipalities in japan, and reviewed previous researches and reports on citizen participation to find out characteristics of successful participation. Then it analyzed how the characteristics effected on planning of public cultural facilities. This study found the citizen participation has been promoted strongly by the central government’s policy in the late 1990s and early 2000 when it moved towards decentralized governing and consolidation of various regional municipalities in Japan. And the success of citizen participation was related to makeup of citizen committee, authority of the committee, and openness of participation. The characteristics of citizen participation had the following effects on the planning of public cultural facilities. First, the makeup of the citizen participation committee such as, individual and affiliation influenced decision making process. Second, the level of autonomy granted influenced the public participation and was inversely proportional to the authority granted. Third, the openness of public participation helped to set the character of the facility and facilitated continued reexamination of it throughout the planning and design process. The openness of public recruiting methodologies employed had direct influence on the level of interests generated and the public participation.

한국어

본 연구는 일본에서 2000년대 전후 지방분권화, 지방행정구역 통합, 공공사업에 대한 주민참여 촉진 정책과 가이드라인 수립 등에 의해 활발히 도입된 주민참여형 계획의 배경과 특성을 분석하였다. 주민참여형 공공문화시설의 계획은 건축가들에게 사회적 건축의 의미와 실천 방법으로서 인식되기 시작했으며, 참여주민의 모집방법과 주민의 관심과 참여도가 달라졌고, 주민참여 조직이 가진 자율성과 권한은 서로 반비례하는 경향을 보였으며, 설계자 선정과정에서의 주민참여는 심사의 투명성과 시민참여의 연속성을 확보하는데 기여하였고, 사업추진 여부, 시설의 성격, 주요기능 등에 대한 검토가 지속적으로 이루어져 시설의 정체성을 구체적으로 규정해갔다. 주민참여 조직의 주요안건에 대한 판단은 조직의 구성과 참여하는 주민의 특성에 의해 영향을 받았다.