earticle

영어

The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of the Mandala Group Art Therapy on the psychological wellness and adaptation of crisis adolescent who has been taken an integrated curriculum at vocational education high schools. The research subjects consisted of the crisis adolescent at the I vocational high school located in a U region. They were included in 16.7 % of high level on the Risk Management Rate by evaluation criterion for psychological wellness and school adaptation. The final 24 objects were selected who desired to join in the Group Art Therapy Program by the Mandala. Performed Mandala Art Therapy Program totaled 13 sessions, once a week by each 90 minutes from May 01, 2012 to Jul. 29 ,2012. Crisis Adolescent, Psychological Wellness, School Adaptation Evaluation Criterion were used as a tool of study and conducted 3 times including the preliminary therapy, the post therapy and later therapy (one-month later). The data analysis was based on the score changes in the progress of the art therapy and for the significant degree, Spss Win + 19.0 was used. Mixed Analysis of Variance (mixed ANOVA) was used for a statistical method to examine a study hypothesis and in the case of a significant analysis result statistically Simple Main Effect and LSD were used for the post examination of that. Dialogues in the program progress course were recorded every times and their opinion reports about experience in a group were referred to observe and record their psychological wellness and school adaptation in phases. The results of this study analysis were as follows. First, the Mandala Group Art Therapy Program significantly more effected on the participating crisis adolescent's psychological wellness at vocational education high schools compared with non-participants. In other words, the decrease of negative anger and the good changes in their school life through the Mandala Group Art Therapy were observed with psychological wellness. Second, the Mandala Group Art Therapy Program had more significant effects on school adaptation of participating crisis adolescent at vocational education high schools. All of 12 research subjects graded up from a low variable at school adaptation degree compared with non-participants, showed a good change of behavior in school life and then adapted to the school well. Consequently, the results of this study are as below. The Mandala Group Art Therapy Program is verified an effective program to improve the crisis adolescent for psychological wellness and school adaptation at vocational education high schools. Therefore this program can make crisis adolescents express their inside pent-up feelings and be stable psychologically, so develop and display the power latent within them. It can be also helpful to improve the quality of life, adapt to school life well and live in a sound life with a strong desire for their own life. Furthermore it can be based on exercising their influence for the community, the nation and the human society. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

한국어

본 연구는 만다라를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램이 전문계고 위기청소년의 심리적 안 녕감과 학교적응에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 위하여 U 시 소재한 전문계고에서 1학년(남학생) 360명을 대상으로 위기평정척도를 실시하였고, 그 결과 위기점수가 높은 상위 16.7%를 대상으로 만다라를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여를 희망하는 학생 30명을 대상으로 프로그램에 3회 이상을 참여하지 않았거나, 검사 에 불성실하게 임한 참가자를 제외하고, 확정된 인원 24명을 선발하여 실험집단 12명과 통제집단 12명을 무선 배정하였다. 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위한 측정 도구에는 심리 적 안녕감, 학교적응 척도를 사용하였다. 실험집단을 대상으로 2012년 5월 1일부터 7월 29일까지 총 13회로 주 1회 90분씩 만다라를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램이 실시되었 으며, 같은 기간 동안 통제집단에 대해서는 아무런 조치를 가하지 않았다. 본 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 Spss/Win+19.0을 사용하여 각 척도별로 평균과 표준편차를 구하였으며, 실험·통제 집단 간의 사전 동질성검사를 위해서 독립표본 t-분석 을 실시하였다. 집단구분과 측정시기의 상호작용에 따른 변인에 대한 집단별 사전·사후·추 후 검증을 위한 반복측정 분산분석을 실시하였다. 또한 연구의 가설을 좀 더 면밀하게 검 증하기 위한 통계적 방법으로 혼합변량(mixed ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 이러한 절차를 통 해 얻어진 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 만다라를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 전문계고 위기청소년은 참여하 지 않은 전문계고 위기청소년들보다 심리적인 안녕감이 유의미하게 향상되었다. 둘째, 만다라를 활용한 집단미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 전문계고 위기청소년은 참여하 지 않은 전문계고 위기청소년들보다 학교적응이 유의미하게 향상되었다.