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Enantiomer invention is known for bringing great profits to pharmaceutical companies and patent grant will help the companies to secure such profits. However, because enantiomers have identical physical properties except the direction of plane of polarized light and have identical chemical properties except optically active reagents, there seems to be no novelty and inventiveness in enantiomer invention. In reality, even though it is generally known to a skilled person that substances with an asymmetrical atom enable themselves to occur in the form of a racemate or enantiomers and one of enantiomers has a quantitatively greater effect than the other or a racemate, enantiomer invention may be patentable if it is not directly disclosed in the prior art and has more surprising effect than a racemate. In contrast, enantiomer itself is more difficult to be patentable than the use thereof since it is easy to anticipate enantiomer from a known racemate. Finally, regardless of patentability of enantiomer invention, from the outset, it must be scrutinized whether patent protection of enantiomer invention is justifiable from the economic perspective. Considering a modern trend toward increase of selection or improvement invention and the broadening scope of patent, enantiomer invention must be examined positively when it may contribute to development of technology and technical information.