earticle

영어

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a network consisting of wireless computing devices called sensors that sense environmental conditions like motion, sound, etc in an area. These networks collect the information from the environment and send it to the sink node. The main constraint in these networks is the energy of the nodes. As these sensors have limited battery life, routing protocol should be designed appropriately so that minimal energy is used. Long communication distances between the sensors and the sink in the WSN drain the energy of the sensors and reduce the lifetime of the network. Clustering reduces energy consumption. By clustering a sensor network we can help minimize the total communication distance, thus increasing the network lifetime. In this paper, we an algorithm based on LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol) using genetic algorithm has been proposed in order to achieve increased lifetime of the network and energy efficiency in WSN. The genetic algorithm is used to select the cluster heads for the WSN and hence create the energy efficient clusters for transmission of data in the wireless sensor network. The fitness function proposed in this algorithm considers both the distance of the nodes from the sink and their energies. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol results in prolonged network lifetime and optimal energy consumption of the wireless sensor network.