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영어

The bodily wound like whiplash injury(neck injury) and sprain of lumbar spine may occur in a rear-end collision accident. The medical certificates about slight injury have been published in low- speed rear impact traffic accident. The truth or falsehood of them has been social issues all over the world. NFS in Korea have made an assessment of faked illness since 2008 with the application of MADYMO simulation program. Generally NFS's appraisal statement come to a conclusion that there is very little likelihood of driver & passenger's remarkable motion change and injury as a result of it in low-speed rear impact traffic accident. The medical certificate is in competition with appraisal statement in the area of civil and criminal suit. The both of them have admissibility of evidence but are rival relation in probative force. The rear-end collision accident result in physical change of impacted vehicle and its driver and passenger. The force, impulse, energy and speed change(ΔV, Delta-V) are used as a physical quantity for estimating their motion change extent and level. The speed change is defined as the variation of speed in before and after rear-end collision. It can be calculated by vehicle's weight ratio and relative speed difference theoretically or measured in collision test. Also it is useful as an indicator for estimating the motion change extent and level. We suggest that critical speed change(ΔVc) be 10.15km/h on the basis of several papers and documents. We review 3 collision tests previously performed by outside institution. We cannot expect the remarkable motion change of impacted vehicle in speed change less than 10.15km/h. Finally, we propose a procedure model for evaluating motion change of vehicle and driver & passenger's injury in low-speed rear impact and similar traffic accident. It is composed as follows : 1. Classifying low-speed rear impact or similar traffic accident, 2. Calculating speed change(ΔV) quantitatively or Estmating speed change on the basis of damage of impacted vehicle, 3. Comparing ΔV with ΔVc, 4. Deciding the possibility of injury. There are 5 levels in damage of impacted vehicle as follows : ①Slight ②Moderate ③Severe ④Extreme ⑤Total. There are 5 steps in motion change of impacted vehicle and its driver and passenger as follows : ①Bare ②Very slight ③Slight ④Remarkable ⑤Very remarkable. There are 5 levels in the possibility of injury as follows : ①No risk ②Spontaneous cure ③Outpatient treatment ④Short cure below 30 days ⑤Long cure above 30 days.