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영어

The culture of early iron age in Korean Peninsula was originated from Sejukri - Yeonhwabo Culture influenced from the ironware of Yen Dynasty. And Southwestern region has been the center of discussion regarding the regarding the introduction of early iron culture in the South region. Southwestern region's relics of early iron age are found in Guem-gang Basin region, Mahan region and other near regions. However, this study researches the relics by classifying as Guem-gang Basin region including Asan Bay and Mangyeong-gang Basin region. The result shows that, in Guem-gang Basin region, Stone Stack and Wooden Coffin Tomb is the major type of the tomb and iron hatchets and iron chisels or iron hatchets and iron spears are frequently associated. For earthenwares, black burnished potteries and clay-stripe potteries are associated, but less frequently found as grave goods. On the other hands, various bronzewares including slender bronze daggers, bronze dagger handles, fine-crafted bronze mirrors, bronze dagger axes, bronze spears and bronze chisels have been found frequently as grave goods. In Mangyeong-gang Basin region, Pit-Burial and Wooden Coffin Tomb is found to be the major type of tomb and various ironwares including iron hatchets, iron chisels, iron spears, iron knives with/without roundish ornaments on handles, and iron arrow tips are excavated as single buried items more frequently than in Guem-gang Basin region. Various earthwares including black burnished potteries, round type and triangle type clay-stripe potteries, combination type jars with horn-shaped handles, jars and bowls with attached stands are excavated as associated grave goods in higher quantities. However, a little bronze grave goods are found in this region. Such results concludes that these two regions show differences in the main type of tomb and the characteristics of grave goods. Clay-stripe Pottery Culture had entered to Guem-gang Basin region, developed along with the bronze culture and distributed to Mangyeong-gang Basin region. The time of introduction of Clay-stripe Pottery Culture in Mangyeong-gang is estimated to be around the 3rd Century BC through the relics in Jungin-dong, Junhwasan-dong and Yeoui-dong in Jeonju. More various types of ironware are excavated in Mangyeong-gang Basin region than Guem-gang Basin region so that it is assumed that different routs were formed between these two areas and Northwestern region in the peninsula. And it is interpreted that after the entrance of Clay-stripe Pottery, Mangyeong-gang Basin region had gradually become more powerful and established own trading networks and, later, made the independent connection with Northwestern area. The attempt to comprehend the change trend of iron culture has been made in this study through the research on the cast iron hatchets showing the higher quantity than any other iron artifacts. However, the type change of iron hatchet is failed to be drawn. This result refers that various types of the hatchets are found in Southwestern region due to the import from Northwestern region having the extensive variety of hatchets as found in the entire Korean Peninsula.