earticle

영어

The purpose of this study was to test the moderation effect of personality factor in the relation between career anchor and career success, by figuring out the types of korean career anchor, which is to help people satisfied with their lives through reconciling their personalities with career, and by using those career anchors to adjust career success. For this, we used a sequential mixed model research of qualitative and quantitative research. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were conducted to confirm sub-scales of career anchors and moderating variables by selecting eight food service business owners through qualitative study. Additionally, another eight people were chosen from different kinds of jobs to discover the unconventional career anchors. At the second step, we surveyed 653 food service business owners, analyzed how their career anchors influences their career success on the basis of the variables explored in the first step. Data were collected through variables. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to validate the moderation effects. The results of this study were summarized as follows. Through the first qualitative, discovered were Schein ’s all eight career anchors. In addition, so called, face anchor and household anchor as Korean character were found. The five-factor model of personality were revealed as moderator variables. The result of quantitative study was as follow. First, It was presented that technical/functional competence, entrepreneurial creativity anchor, and general managerial ability had more significant effect on job satisfaction. Only oriented-life style anchor negatively affected job satisfaction. Second, General managerial ability, technical/ functional competence, and security/stability anchor, pure challenge anchor significantly influenced on the possibility of staying in business. but household anchor, oriented-life style anchor negatively affected job satisfaction. Third, The relation between general managerial ability and job satisfaction was moderated by neuroticism. This indicated that the effect of general managerial ability anchor on job satisfaction differed depending on the level of neuroticism. The relation between service/dedication, face anchor and job satisfaction was negatively moderated by neuroticism. Forth, it was found that neuroticism didn’t have any impact on the possibility of staying in business related to career anchor. In this study, it was discovered not only Schein’s conventional career anchors but also Korean career anchors, which are household anchor and face anchor. In addition, this study figured out the suitable career anchor for food service business owners, and confirmed the effect of career anchor and of the five-factor model of personality on job success. It is expected that this study make it possible to promote studies in this field. Furthermore, the result of this study helps provide the basic data for consultation linked to career, entrepreneurship education, and the development and application of career course education program in the future, and suggest policy implications.

한국어

본 연구에서는 외식사업자를 대상으로 개인의 특성과 직업 간의 일치를 통해 삶의 만족을 추구할 수 있도록 하는 진로 닻을 탐색하여 한국적 진로 닻의 유형을 찾고, 진로 닻과 진로성공과의 관계에서 성격요인의 조절 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 분석방법으로는 질적 연구와 양적 연구를 혼합한 순차적 혼합연구모형을 사용하 였다. 질적 연구에서는 진로 닻과 조절변인의 하위요인을 찾기 위해 외식사업자 8명, 다른 직업에 종사하는 8 명을 대상으로 1:1 인터뷰를 실시하였으며, 양적연구에서는 질적 연구에서 확인된 변인을 바탕으로 외식사업 자 653명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 질적 연구에서는 Schein의 8가지 진로 닻이 모두 확인되었으며, 한국적 특성이라 볼 수 있는 가계 책임 닻과 체면 닻이 추가로 발견되었고, 조절변인으로 성격 5요인 모두 발견되었다. 양적 연구로서 변인간의 상관분석과 위계적 다중회귀분석 검증 결과, 전문기술역량 닻, 사업가적 창의성 닻, 일반경영역량 닻은 직무 만족과 높은 정(+)의 상관을 보였으며, 라이프스타일 중시형 닻은 직무만족과 부(-)의 상관을 보였다. 또한 일 반경영역량 닻, 전문기술역량 닻, 안전안정성 닻, 순수도전형 닻은 사업유지가능성과 높은 정의 상관을 보였 으며, 가계책임 닻과 라이프스타일 중시형 닻은 사업유지가능성과 부의 상관을 보였다. 한편, 일반경영역량 닻과 직무만족의 관계에서 신경증의 조절효과는 유의하게 나타났다. 즉 일반경영능력 닻이 높은 외식사업자 가 신경증을 높게 지각할 경우에는 신경증을 낮게 지각하는 외식사업자보다 직무만족이 낮았다. 반면 봉사헌 신성 닻, 체면 닻과 직무만족의 관계에서 신경증의 조절효과는 정(+)적으로 유의하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 외식사업자 등 개인사업자에 대한 진로상담이나 창업교육, 진로 프로그램 개발 및 활용에 있어서 서구의 전형적인 진로 닻과 더불어 한국적 진로 닻인 가계책임 닻과 체면 닻을 고려하고 개별 성격요 인에 맞춘 서비스를 제공할 때 진로성공 가능성이 높아질 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.