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On 3. Juni 1873, the Iwakura Mission arrived in Vienna, the capital of the Habsburg Empire, where the Vienna International Exposition was opened a month ago. The Iwakura Mission was the ἀrst ofἀcial Japanese journey around the world, initiated in 1871 by the modern government of the Meiji period. The historian Kume Kunitake was the ofἀcial diarist, who wrote detailed about this cultural accident, and then in 1878 he published A True Account of the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary’s Journal. Now an important question can be raised, what the Japanese Embassy saw there in the modernized Vienna during about 15 days. The good answer might be perhaps found in Beio kairan jikki 歐美回覽實記, which can be only realized by critically reading this document on the historical context in Europe. Fistly, the Iwakura Misson could see the grandiose modern street Ringstrasse, which was recently developed as one of the modernization projects of the capitol, initiated by the Emperor. Kume described that this boulevard should be realized through the exellent combination of the tradition and the modernity. But his impressive description resulted from watching rapidly only the passade of the falling Habsburg Empire, because this great city was confronted with many serious modern problems that could be not easily resolved in those times.Secondly, the Iwakura Mission visited the Vienna International Exposition 1873, located on the Prater park. Seeing the whole landscape, Kume admired that the Exposition should be resulted from the exquisite combination of the nature and the human things. He appraised especially the main hall building Rotunda as one of the greatest symbolic sturcture in the International Exposition in Vienna. But just the bizarre asthetics of this building was furiously criticized as a silly architecture by many famous architects and intellectuals in Vienna. In this meaning it is acceptable to ciricize him because he failed to take any account of the important environmental asthetics of the Exposition on the Prater park.Thirdly, the Iwakura Mission was strongly impressed through looking around the various products from the world in the exhibit rooms. In this whole processing Kume became convinced that the western civilzation should be superior and the oriental culture inferior. But his strong conviction was certainly the reflection of the dirction intention of the western Empire, which would give such dual impressions on the oriental visitors. Unconciously he accepted the directed cultural image of the western imperialism. According to Edward Said, his uncritical view of the world should be called as Orientalism which was born first in Europe in 19th Century and could be rapidly spreaded into the Asia. Just in this way the Iwakura Mission played a great role not only in Japan but also in other asiatic countries.