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Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of inclined backward and forward walking on electromyographic activity of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Method: A total of 30 college students with patellofemoral pain syndrome participated in this study for 6 weeks. Participants were divided into three groups of 10 people. Group A did not exercise. Group B exercised on an inclined forward treadmill. Group C exercised on an inclined backward treadmill. Group B and C exercised 3 time a week for 20 minutes during 6 weeks. We measured FVAS and electromyographic activity at week 0, 3 and 6. We used Functional Visual Analogue Scale (FVAS) to measure knee pain. We used FREEEMG300 to measure muscle electromyographic activity. Data was processed using Repeated Measures ANOVA to confirm the difference of each group. Results: There were significant differences between Group A and Group C as well as Group B and Group C for functional pain. There were significant differences between Group A and Group C for electromyographic activity. Conclusion: From the results of this study, pain and electromyographic activity were improved more for Group C than Group B. Therefore we recommend using backward treadmill training for patellofemoral pain syndrome.