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영어

The purpose of this study is to analyze gender wage-differentials and job segregation of the labor market in Korea. It is a common phenomenon across countries where earnings for female workers are lower than those of males. Such wage differentials are mainly caused by two factors: differences in productivity or discrimination. As socio-economic environments become friendly to women, those wage differentials are narrowed down slowly. The other evidence that women's performance in the labor market is poor relative to men is job segregation. Occupational gender segregation would be resulted from self-selection or discrimination in the process of recruitment and promotion. In order to investigate the causes and magnitude of gender performance gap in the labor market, this study makes use of Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (hereafter GOMS) collected by Korea Employment Information Service. The data set contains information on characteristics in school to work transition and other information such as family background. It is revealed that 45.5 percent of gender wage gap is caused by the differences in their productivities. However, the remained differences would be explained by the differences in compensation, so-called discrimination in the context of this thesis. In addition, this study estimates Duncan Dissimilarity Index and Concentration Index to measure degree of occupational gender segregation using the Survey on Labor Conditions by Employment Type. As expected, the gender segregation become alleviated since 2000. However, female workers are concentrated in the occupations related with services and clerks whereas male workers in managerial and professional occupations. These patterns imply that the segregation is a significant element of gender wage gaps.

한국어

본 논문은 노동시장의 오랜 사회현상인 성별 임금격차와 직종분리현상을 청년 신규취업자를 대상으로 실증분 석 하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성별 임금격차 중 약 45.5%가 자질차이에 의한 것으로 나타났고, 통상적으로 차별이라고 볼 수 있는 보 상격차 및 상호작용에 의한 격차는 약 54.5%로 나타났다. 주요스펙은 임금에 크게 영향을 주지 못했고, 특정 직종의 여성비중은 남성과 여성 모두의 임금에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 성별 직종분 리의 정도는 완화되고 있었으나 2000년부터 2012년까지의 던컨지수를 살펴본 결과 여전히 직종 중분류기준 40 이상의 지수를 나타냈다. 또한 성 집중도를 살펴본 결과, 여성은 대부분 사무직 및 서비스 직종에 집중되어 있었다. 결론적으로 성별 임금격차와 직종분리 정도는 여전히 큰 수준이었고, 본 연구결과에서 여성비중이 큰 직종에서 전체적인 임금이 낮게 나타났던 현상은 성별 임금격차와 직종분리현상 간에 상관관계가 있음을 의 미한다.