earticle

영어

As it is enough to say that today's politics depend upon the ability and the skill that raise political fund properly and divide them efficiently, political funds are getting importance with a higher proportion in politics since the modern era. The objective of this article is to grasp the actual conditions and improvement methods of money system for political activities in terms of party membership fee, political fundraising association, contribution to the election commission, and national subsidy and suggest improvement plans, analyzing the operation condition and problems of political fund system based on this research. In this context, the major findings and results in this paper are as follows. First, when it comes to collection of party membership fee, it is hard for general party members to pay volunteerly party membership fee due to political bad habits and habitual routines of bringing over to his/her party by giving money. Second, political fundraising associations have not revitalized yet. Third, there is a problem of contribution to the election commission, which is about the strict rules for individual maximum donation and the limit, causing the negotiating parties to focus on the distribution of contribution to the election commission. Fourth, appropriating national subsidy places too much emphasis on negotiating parties, which may make each party rely on national subsidy. In this study, the ways to improve the political fund system are summarized as follows: First, it need to improve contribution toward party membership fee to stand on its feet through donation, provide incentives for party membership fee payers, and open to the public about large amount of party membership fee and payer fo that. Second, the foundation for parties to support themselves should be built by expanding anonymous donation, political fundraising system through diversification of collection, and allowing political fundraising of the party. Third, the expansion of contribution to the election commission. Forth, it need to reduce of giving national subsidy and to rationalize standards for distribution and supply of national sybsidy. Fifth, introduction of the internet open system for political funds is needed.

한국어

이 연구는 정치자금제도에 대한 이론적 논의를 통해 현행 정치자금 중 당비, 후원회, 기탁 금, 국고보조금의 제도의 실태를 분석하고, 이를 토대로 효과적인 정치자금제도 발전 방안을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 분석결과 우리나라 정치자금제도의 문제점으로 첫째, 당비제도의 경 우 일반당원에 의한 당비모금 실적이 극히 저조하며, 둘째 후원회가 활성화 되지 못하고, 모 금과정이 투명하지 못한 점, 셋째, 기탁금 상한액의 과도한 규정과 정당별 편차가 심하며, 넷 째, 국고보조금 계산이 무원칙적이며, 정당의 국고보조금에 대한 의존가 심하고, 정당별로 국 고보조금 수입액의 편차가 심한 문제점이 제시되었다. 이에 따라 이 연구는 정치자금제도의 발전방안으로 첫째, 당비납부 의무제 도입과 당비납부 자에 대한 인센티브를 제공하고, 고액당비 및 특별당비 납부자를 공개하는 등 당비모금을 통 한 재정자립화를 추진하고, 둘째, 후원금제도 활성화를 통한 모금의 다양화를 위해 익명의 후 원금 기부 및 후원회 제도를 확대해 나가고, 중앙당이나 시·도당후원회를 허용하며, 셋째, 기탁 금 모금방법을 확대하고 넷째, 국고보조금의 지급을 축소하고, 국고보조금 배분․지급기준의 합리화 다섯째, 투명성 확보를 위해 정치자금의 인터넷 공개제도 도입 등을 제시하였다.