earticle

영어

In the innovation system theory, the role of policy and public action remain unexplored because the innovation system is regarded as the result of historical process. Policy is almost treated as an exogenous variable of the process of innovation. Therefore, this perspective is problematic when we try to explain the transformation of innovation system. Japan and Singapore has been considered as states that accomplished the rapid success of the bio-industry. Now, Japan and Singapore's the development level of the bio-industry is located in the second or third place in the world. Both states, therefore, has been separately studied as the typical cases of the innovative success in the bio-industry. Many studies, however, has analysed the surprising growth of both states through the simple application of national innovation system. Many researches has not explained the change of the national innovation resulted by the effective systemic instruments of the innovation policies. Besides, the comparative researches on the successes of bio-industry of both states were rarely founded. Therefore, I attempt to analyse the way and process of transformation in Japan and Singapore's innovation systems within the framework of the innovation policy and systemic instruments.