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The study aims to examine the relationship between sterilization and disinfection of the instruments frequently used by dental hygienists and assistants and to determine the optimal shchedule for sterilization. This survey was conducted 133 dental hygienists and dental assistants in dental clinics located in Jeollanam-do. The data were collected by using the self-administered survey method. Collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS Window ver.12.0 (SPSS Inc, Kor) statistics program. 1. 60.7% of dental hygienists and dental assistants had experiences in infection control education. As for the age group, 73.9% of dental hygienists and dental assistants in their twenties experienced infection control education, which was higher than the figure of 46.9% of dental hygienists and dental assistants over the age of 30. As for the job classification, 75.5% of dental hygienists had experiences with the education, which was higher than that of dental assistants. 2. As for the dental items or instruments, 90.4% of dental handpieces, 97.8% of ultrasonic scalers, 76.1% of resin instruments, 100% of dental standard instruments, 80.6% of crown removers, 78.5% of dental injection syringe, 73.1% of condensers, 83.7% of reusable dental impression trays, 100% of periodontal hand instruments and 97% of implant surgical instruments were being sterilized and disinfected. 3. As for the sterilization and disinfection of dental treatment instruments, 23.8% of dental handpieces, 50.0% of ultrasonic scalers, 31.4% of resin instruments, 81.5% of dental standard instruments, 43.5% of crown removers, 26.4% of dental injection syringe, 38.8% of condensers, 72.6% of reusable dental impression trays, 86.7% of periodontal hand instruments and 100% of implant surgical instruments were being sterilized and disinfected for ‘every a patient’. 4. Also, 83.0% responded that the 'infection control of dental hygienists and dental assistants' was the most important element for improving the infection control. The sterilization and disinfection of semi-critical dental items should be reinforced, and the infection control should be educated to the dental health-care personnel on a regular basis.