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Nathaniel Hawthorne was influenced by John Buyan through his life as an author with creative imagination and as an analyst of human mind. He liked to read Bunyan's masterpiece The Pilgrims Progress as a guide book toward his imagination to write his romances and short stories, especially religious allegorical works. Hawthorne and Bunyan have close similarities in themes, structures and writing materials. Most of Hawthorne's characters are pilgrims like Bunyan's toward certain goals. In chapters two, three, and four how 「The Celestial Railroad」, 「Young Goodman Brown」, The Scarlet Letter and 「Ethan Brand」were influenced by The Pilgrim's Progress. Though Bunyan's Christian in The Pilgrims Progress reaches the Celestial City, Hawthorne's characters fail to reach their destinations, thus criticising his contemporary society, where science and industry prospered. As The Pilgrim's Progress is a dream tale, so are some of Hawthorne's. To both authors “their world is that of dreams.” They use dreams to raise questions about how the mind moves toward understanding and about the moral significance of human acts, concerning the limits of mortal existence. Bunyan established the tradition of religious allegories, handing it down to Hawthorne who applied it to his writings and added much more complicated artistic literary techniques. In conclusion Bunyan helped Hawthorne to increase his imagination to create the prototypes of various human beings such as good men, badmen and so on. They both contribute to the grasp of human nature and the interpretation of human problems in their allegorical works. Bunyan influenced Hawthorne so that Hawthorne could be a great allegorical writer.