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Heart of Darkness has received and continues to receive much more critical attention than any fiction in English. L. Gurko's approaches in Joseph Conrad: Giant and Exile were mainly concerned with the formal features of this work to the exclusion of the context and praised the artistic form and unity. A. Guerard in Conrad the Novelist (1958) develops E. Garnett's perception of this novella as a “psychological masterpiece”. T. Moser's Joseph Conrad: Achievement and Decline puts forward a similar emphasis on the process of self-knowledge. A branch of the critical vision is seen in the psychological approach inspired by S. Freud and C. Jung. It includes F. Crews's Out of My System, C. Rising's “Darkness at Heart”, B. Stampfl's “Marlow's Rhetoric of (Self-) Deception in Heart of Darkness”, and E. Goodheart's Desire and its Discontents. Another recent branch of approach is that of feminist critics who are N. P. Straus and B. London. C. Achebe's “An Image of Africa” initiated a now impressive list of what post-colonial theorists call “counter-discursive” or “resistant” reading of Heart of Darkness. E. Said is far more condemnatory in Culture and Imperialism. F. B. Singh concludes that the colonialistic bias of Heart of Darkness reveals the limitations of Conrad's notions rather than the existence of a reactionary and racist streak in him. C. P. Sarvan points out that Conrad reflects to some extent the attitudes of his age.