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Terry Eagleton's historical materialism began at Cambridge University in the 1960's under the influence of Williams, and reacted against the critical rthodoxies of the New Criticism and especially those inspired by F. R. Leavis' liberal humanism. This reaction is evident in Eagleton's first book, which attempts to reconcile Roman Catholicism with social humanism Again Eagleton's subsequent Shakespeare and Society treats Shakespeare's plays not as autonomous but as inseparable from the fundamental social issues. Critical text of Exile and Emigres establishes Eagleton as a critic of the twentieth century. With essays on Conrad, Waugh, Orwell, Graham Green, T. S. Eliot, Auden and Lawrence, The Text's aim is to trace a common thread in 20th century authors who write from positions spiritually and geographically external to the culture they address. Like that book, in Myths of Power Myths Eagleton has begun to depart from the high valuation of English literature as Leavis's writing. In Criticism and Ideology and Marxism and Literary Criticism Eagleton shows how a Marxist criticism tries to grasp forms, styles and meanings as the products of a particular history and even individual psychology as a social product. During this period Eagleton was more Hegelian than Marxist and prefers Pierre Macherey's view of text as decentered from and its incompleteness of structure. He also expresses sympathy with Walter Benjamin's assertion of the need for a revolutionary art.