earticle

영어

The environment is being polluted by humans & in doing so, not only air & water but land is also being contaminated. The major contaminant of soil is chemical fertilizer. The definition of soil quality encompasses physical, chemical and biological characteristics, and it is related to fertility and soil health. Due to heavily usage of chemical fertilizers and harmful pesticides on the crops, food security and safety became a daunting challenge. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea along with chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction in soil health. Biodiversity performs a variety of ecological services beyond the production of food, including recycling of nutrients, regulation of microclimate and local hydrological processes, suppression of undesirable organisms and detoxification of noxious chemicals. In this paper the role of biodiversity in securing crop protection and soil fertility by linking diversity of soils. Soil biodiversity is a key parameter for maintaining the fertility and productivity of the soils - thereby safeguarding food production. This management systems provide the ideal environment for the re-establishment of ecosystem engineers such as earthworms and scarab beetle larvae, of saprophagous and litter transforming organisms such as termites and millipedes and of predator populations (pseudoscorpions, centipedes, Diplura and spiders), thus enhancing the system’s natural biological control and regulation mechanisms to maintain soil health and fertility.