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Purpose: This study was done to construct and test a structural model to explain factors associated with middle school students’ suicidal ideation focusing on mediating effects of anger and depression Methods: Data was collected by questionnaires from 349 students selected randomly in 11 middle schools in D city. The data were analyzed using PASW 18.0(win) and AMOS 18.0(win) program. Results: Model fit indices for the hypothetical model were in good agreement with the recommended levels (CFI=.957, GFI=.945). Based on the constructed model, depression was significantly affected by anger directly, and suicidal ideation was directly influenced by depression, indirectly by anger. It was confirmed that depression turned out to be a important mediating variable on suicidal ideation and anger in middle school students. Conclusion: The results suggest that intervention strategies for dealing with anger or depression is important to reduce the suicidal ideation in middle school students. In addition, specific nursing intervention plans, including fostering of humanistic and achievement-focused educational environment, peer support programs, and individual counselling, need to be developed and implemented to control a feeling of anger and depression.