earticle

영어

This study reviews the issues in Standing Committee Bill Deliberation System in National Assembly Act and suggests improvement on those. In Chapter I, Introduction, reinforced requirement for bill introduction by the authority of National Assembly Chairman and Fast-track System are described. They are the major content in the National Assembly Act recently revised. The requirement for bill introduction by the authority of National Assembly Chairman is limited to; ① when there is natural disaster, ② when there is war, incident or other emergency of country, and, ③ when National Assembly Chairman and representatives of each negotiation body in National Assembly have agreed. A bill can be designated for Fast-track System when; ① majority of incumbent Assembly members or incumbent committee members move the designation of a bill to be handled by Fast-track System by signature, and, ② Standing Committee Chairman or National Assembly Chairman put the motion to secret voting and three-fifths of incumbent Assembly members or incumbent committee members vote for it. If a bill has been designated as a Fast-track System bill and it has been pending for 180 days at Standing Committee and 90 days at Legislation-Judiciary Committee since the designation-requested date, the bill automatically pass the committee. In Chapter II, the issues in Standing Committee bill deliberation system are described as following. 1. In National Assembly, Standing Committee practically deliberates bills; however, National Assembly members move Standing Committee too frequently and they cannot build expertise to work in certain Standing Committee. 2. When National Assembly Standing Committee deliberates enactment bill or full-amendment bill, it is mandatory to hold public hearing or general hearing; however, the recent revision stipulates that public hearing or general hearing can be omitted, if the committee specifically resolved to omit it. In Chapter III, improvement suggestions on bill deliberation system of committee are given. 1. It is suggested to introduce the Discharge Petition System in United States House of Representatives legislation procedure. In this system, if a committee has a bill pending for 30 days or more during the House term, the deliberation right of committee is revoked by the signature of 218 representatives, which is the majority of incumbent representatives of House. 2. It is suggested to remove the conditional clause in National Assembly Act Article 58-6 stating omission of public hearing. Public hearing is essential when deliberating enactment bill or full-amendment bill. 3. It is suggested to enforce legislation impact evaluation on the bills submitted by National Assembly members. 4. It is suggested to reinforce control on the administrative legislation of Standing Committee. Matters related to decentralization are suggested not to be handled by Standing Committee, which is the counterpart of central government. It is suggested to create Decentralization Special Committee and have it to handle matters related to decentralization en bloc in comprehensive and systematic way.

한국어

본 연구는 국회법상 위원회의 심의제도에 관한 문제점과 개선방안에 관해서 검 토한 논문이다. 제2장에서는 2012년 5월 개정된 국회법상 국회의장의 직권상정에 관한 요건을 엄격하게 한 내용과 위원회에서의 법안의 심의제도로서 패스트 트랙이라고 불리는 의안자동상정제도 등을 설명하였고, 이어서 국회법상 위원회심사제도의 문제점으로 1. 상임위원회의 잦은 변동, 2. 상임위원회심사법률안의 본회의 가결율, 3. 위원회단 계에서의 법률안심사의 지연, 4. 상임위원회에서의 입법절차 위반과 이에 대한 사법 적 통제 및 국회의 자율성에 관하여 서술하였다. 제3장에서 위원회의 법률안심의제 도의 개선방안으로서 1. 상임위원회의 전문성 및 공정성을 제고하기 위한 방안, 2. 위원회심사배제동의(Discharge Petition)제도, 3. 위원회 중간보고 제도, 4. 위원회의 법률안심사의 투명성확보를 위한 공청회 및 청문회제도 개선, 5. 입법예고제도의 개 선-가칭 입법절차에 관한 법률안의 도입 검토-, 6. 위헌결정을 받은 법률의 개정을 위한 위원회법률안심사제도의 개선, 7. 입법영향평가제도의 도입, 8. 관련위원회 회 부제도(복수회부, 순차회부)와 특별위원회와의 협의 관계 활성화, 9. 소위원회 활성 화, 10. 위원회의 행정입법에 대한 통제, 11. 수정안 개선방안, 12. 지방분권관련 특 별위원회 설치에 관한 제언 등을 서술하였다. 마지막으로 제4절 결론에서는 국회 상임위원회를 포함한 입법과정에 대한 제도개선의 필요성이 엄존하고 있다는 점을 인식하여 본 논문은 국회선진화법의 내용중 상임위원회의 법률안심사와 관련이 있 는 내용을 중심으로 검토하고 나아가 그 외 상임위원회에서의 법률안심사의 문제점 과 개선방안에 대해서 문헌적 비교방법을 통해 검토하였다.