earticle

영어

Choong-yi(重耳) became a king ‘Jin-Moon-Gong(晉文公)’ after a long exile in 8 countries. During ‘Choong-Yi’'s exile his loyal subject ‘Gae-Ja-Choo(介子推)’ even slashed his thigh for the meal of hungry ‘Choong-yi’. But as ‘Gae-Ja-Choo’ was excluded for taking up government position, his follower pitied him and posted a song called ‘Yong-Sa-Ga(龍蛇 歌)’ on the palace door. The King ‘Hyo-Sung(孝成王)’ swore by a nut pine that he would get one(Shin-Chung:信忠) of his close loyal subject a high government position, but did nothing after becoming a king. So his subject composed a ‘Won-Ga(怨 歌)’(song of grudge) and posted it on the nut pine and the tree withered soon. After the king ‘Hyo-Sung’ saw the ‘Won-Ga’ he regretted and got the subject a government position. After that the nut pine just recovered again. ‘Yong-Sa-Ga’ and ‘Won-Ga’ are the same background story of promise and trust between the lord before becoming king and his loyal subject. After becoming a king when the trust fell down, feeling of grudge or pity for isolated situation were composed into a song and posted on a nut pine or palace door for appealing to the king. Reward and government position become important factors for the background of two songs. A king should treats subjects with courtesy and subjects respect the king with loyalty. As the King's promise was broken and the expectation fell down, a song of grudge was written for appealing. And as the promised government position was given to the subject this led them to recover the trust or becoming a hermit for keeping honor. We can find out the inter-relationship through the similarity that the king regrets his mistake and tries to recover the trust in the end.

한국어

<龍蛇歌>와 <怨歌>는 임금이 되기 전 태자와 공자가 신하와의 약속(登用)과 신뢰를 배경으로 하고 있다. 왕이 된 후 약속과 신뢰가 무너지자, 노래를 지어 자신의 견해를 드러내거나, 또는 소외된 처지를 동정하는 노래를 지어 帖歌의 방식으로 민심에 호소한 것이다. 두 노래의 배경에는 포상과 작록이 중요한 요 소로 작용한다. 신뢰와 충성심으로 이루어지는 군신관계에서 약속이 食言이 되 고 기대가 무너지자, 원망과 은둔으로 나타난 것이다. 그리고 작록의 하사를 통한 원상회복과 지절을 지키기 위한 은둔으로 나타난다. 군신간의 중용 약속, 배신과 帖歌 유포, 입산과 은둔, 지절과 축수 등으로 이어지는 일련의 패턴화 된 사건이 그 배경이다. 군주가 자신의 과오를 뉘우치고 이를 원상회복을 위한 신뢰 구축으로 나아간다는 유사성을 통해 상호 영향관계를 살필 수 있는 패턴 화된 노래로 볼 수 있다. 특히, 신충의 스님으로의 변신이나, 개자추의 割股以 啖의 의미가 새롭게 해석될 수 있는 가능성을 시도했다.