원문정보
초록
영어
Acacia mangium is an evergreen fast-growing tropical tree, which can grow up to 30 m tall and 50 cm thick, under favorable conditions. It is a low-elevation species associated with rain forest margins and disturbed, well-drained acid soils. It is native to Papua, Western Irian Jaya and the Maluku islands in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and north-eastern Queensland in Australia. Due to its rapid growth and tolerance of very poor soils, A. mangium was introduced into some Asian, African and western hemisphere countries where it is used as a plantation tree. A. mangium has good quality wood traits, such as a comparatively low proportion of parenchymatous cells and vessels, white and hard wood, and high calorific value. Therefore, it is useful for a variety of purposes, such as furniture, cabinets, turnery, floors, particleboard, plywood, veneer, fence posts, firewood, and charcoal. It is also being used in pulp and paper making because it has good pulp traits, with high yields of pulp, quality of kraft, and produces paper with good optical, physical and surface properties. Because there are significant provenance differences in growth rate, stem straightness, heartwood formation and frequency of multiple leaders, the productivity and quality also varies depending upon environmental conditions, so genetic improvement programmes have been undertaken in countries like Australia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand. The programme includes provenance identifications and testing, plus tree selection and clonal multiplication, establishment of seed orchards and hybridization. The phenology, reproductive biology, fruit characteristics, silvicultural practices for cultivation, pest and diseases problems, production of improved planting stock, harvesting, wood properties and utilization have been discussed in this paper.
목차
Taxonomy
Distribution
Environmental Conditions
Soil
Climate
Vegetation types
Botanical Descriptions
Tree morphology
Leaves (phyllodes)
Growth phenology
Flowering phenology
Inflorescences, flowers and fruits
Reproductive Biology and Breeding System
Floral biology
Inflorescences, flowers and fruits
Breeding system
Hybridization
Genetics and Improvement
Provenance variation
Plus tree selection
Seed stands and seed orchards
Seed Biology
Seed harvesting and collection
Seed extraction and cleaning
Seed storage
Dormancy and pretreatment
Seed germination and nursery practices
Vegetative propagation
Silviculture and Management
Silvicultural characteristics
Silvicultural practices
Site preparation
Spacing
Fertilizer application
Pruning and thinning schedule
Coppicing and second rotation
Growth and yield
Pest and Diseases
Important insect-pests
Important diseases
Wood Properties and Utilization
Anatomical, physical and mechanical properties ofA. mangium wood
Utilization of wood
References