earticle

영어

Recently, a great deal of interest has been developed by consumers towards bioactive peptides as ingredients in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals from natural resources. Among them, Spirulina has been known as a rich source of protein which can be hydrolized into peptides. Two bioactive peptides responsible for anti-allergic and anti-atherosclerotic activities were purified and identified as P1 (LDAVNR; 686 Da) and P2 (MMLDF; 655 Da) from gastric enzymatic hydrolysateof Spirulina maxima. In this regard, two peptides P1 and P2 were investigated for their capabilities against the activation of RBL-2H3 mast cell sensitized with DNP-specific IgE antibody and stimulated by antigen DNP-BSA. It was found that P1 and P2 significantly inhibited RBL-2H3 mast cell activation via blockade of IgE receptor (FcεRI) and suppression of ROS production. Moreover, peptides P1 and P2 exhibited the inhibitory mechanisms on newly protein and mRNA synthesis of cytokines via suppression of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. In addition, the peptides P1 and P2 have been used to examine their protective effects against early atherosclerotic responses induced by histamine in EA.hy926 endothelial cells. Interestingly, both P1 and P2 exhibited inhibitory activities on the production and expression of cytokines, lipid metabolites, chemoattractant, and adhesion molecules. Notably, the inhibitory mechanism of peptides P1 and P2 was found due to suppressing ROS production and blocking histamine receptor 1 (H1), thus inhibiting the activation of many molecules in H1-dependent signaling pathway. Taken together, both peptides P1 and P2 from Spirulina maxima have a great potential to be used in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals as protective agents against allergic and early atherosclerotic diseases.