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Kim, Jeongho. “A Semiotic Approach to Rituals of Black Drama through Baraks’s Dutchman.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 39.1 (2013): 65-84. Semiotics is important and useful to the study of Baraka’s ritual drama. A semiotic approach to Baraka’s ritual drama enables us to understand Baraka’s theatrical stance to seek a theatre that would prevent Blacks from being destroyed by rage and psychological sterility. Baraka launched so-called the revolutionary theatre as a device of militant denunciation of oppression. To fulfill this goal, Baraka recaptured and applied the efficacy of African rituals. Central to Baraka’s revolutionary theatres including Dutchman is his adaptation and utilization of ritual. The common tenets of both Black theatre and semiotics revolve on the subversive strategy toward arbitrary relationship between the signifier and the signified of any given sign. (Chonbuk National University)