earticle

영어

Shaping and monitoring the behavior of street-level officers has continued to be a difficult task for police managers, and this task may prove to be more not so easy increasingly rely on proactive law enforcement. It is requested to enforce effectively proactive policing technique for repression of serious crimes such as cruel crime case of Oh, won-chun in Su-won city, which was a case of sexual harassment then murder. Generally, implement of proactive policing technique in a passion of aggressive manners generates problematic conflicts of interaction through increasing contacts between police and their citizens of neighbor communities. It appears increasing of filing of lawsuit against police officers and managers, of dissatisfaction for policing policy of police agency. To police supervisors and street officers, civil liability lawsuits can be a big headache, they are one of the real costs and evils of doing a difficult job, because of defending a single case can take hundreds of man-hours, it is often more cost-effective for a police officer to offer a settlement. In some cases, involving allegations of police misconduct, there exists the possibility of criminal as well as civil liability. It is necessary to motivate proactive intention of police officers as individual for effective policing. To do so, we must understand the basic legal structure of government tort claim and civil liability against police officer's misconduct acts. In case a person has sustained damages by unlawful deed of police officer, he or she may claim just compensation as prescribed by government tort claim act or filing civil liability to court. Some hail civil lawsuits as an effective method of external control over police behavior, and dismiss the claim that liability concerns inhibit police officers from doing their everyday work. Others contend that civil lawsuits against police officers are a potentially dangerous trend, which have the unintended consequence of discouraging officers from performing desired proactive law enforcement activities. Followers of this perspective argue that officers may refrain from engaging in certain behaviors involving citizens because they fear good-faith police activities may be misjudged, fear after-the-fact reviews of split second decisions, and fear becoming a party to frivolous law suits. While there may be no way to avoid such a lawsuit, there are ways to mitigate and reduce the heavy stress of such civil liability suit. In this paper, it especially puts emphasis that the need of revision to article of policing law which give supports to police officers as individual who acts lawfully, to give abbreviation or cutting down responsibility of civil liability. And I suggest a few institutional methods to establish a legal system of civil liability insurance system for police officers such as implement of mutual aid projects of police, to support police officers who was filed lawsuit by offering legal advice systematically

한국어

현장경찰관의 행태를 통제하고 감독하는 것은 경찰관리자에게 있어서 언제나 어 려운 과제였다. 경찰목적 달성을 위해 적극적 기법에 의한 법집행을 도모하는 경향 이 있는 오늘날 그것은 더욱 쉽지 않은 임무가 되었다. 현장경찰관과 감독자에게 있어서 경찰에 대한 손해배상 청구소송은 큰 두통거리 이다. 배상청구 소송이 제기되면 그에 대응하기 위해 많은 시간과 비용이 소요되기 때문이다. 때로는 합의를 통한 협상 해결을 도모하는 것이 효과적인 방법이 되기도 하고, 부적절한 경찰관의 직무수행이 손해배상뿐만 아니라 형사범죄를 구성하기도 한다. 그러므로 경찰의 적극적 직무수행 의지가 훼손되지 않도록 국가배상법의 법 적 구조와 경찰관 개인의 배상책임 부담문제를 검토할 필요가 있다. 손해배상 청구소송이 경찰의 근무행태에 대한 효율적인 외부통제 방안이 될 수 있다는 주장도 있지만, 경찰공무원의 적극적 직무수행의지를 저해함으로써 바람직 하지 않은 결과를 초래할 것이라는 주장도 있다. 이러한 견해를 따르는 입장에서는 경찰관들이 적법하지만 잘못 해석될 여지가 있는 경찰작용이거나 순간적 판단에 의한 직무수행이 나중에 문제가 될 여지가 있어서 번거로운 소송의 당사자가 될 위험이 있는 직무수행을 회피하게 될 것이라고 반박한다. 따라서 경찰에 대한 손해 배상청구 소송을 원천적으로 막을 수는 없겠지만 소송의 부담을 완화하거나 감소 시킬 방법을 검토해야 한다는 것이다. 이 논문에서는 특별히 경찰관직무집행법의 개정을 통해서 경찰공무원의 배상책 임을 경감하고 완화하는 방안과 함께 경찰활동의 효과성을 제고하는 방안으로서 경찰공제회의 사업범위 확장을 통해서 일종의 경찰책임보험 제도를 도입할 것을 제시하였다. 또한 경찰관 개인이 부담하게 되는 손해배상소송에 있어서 법률적 지 원방안을 강화하는 방안도 아울러 검토하였다.