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브라질 ‘파워외교’의 개념화와 실용적 의미

원문정보

Brazil's 'Power Diplomacy': Conceptualization and Practical Significance

김원호

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During the tenure of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2003-2010), Brazil demonstrated a prominent move in foreign policy. In the context of its domestic political and economic stability, Brazil has consolidated its political and economic regional cooperation and multilateral diplomacy, a long-term cooperation with strategic partner countries, an offensive foreign trade policy in the energy and agriculture sectors, and an aggressive posture in international monetary policy. This paper calls this active foreign policy, based on Brazil's recent economic emergence, a ‘Power Diplomacy' and attempts to analyze its nature and limitations. First, Brazilian power diplomacy's mid-term goal seems to be the acquisition of the UN Security Council permanent member position. Second, in terms of trade policy, Brazil has taken an aggressive stance regarding the opening of agriculture and bio-energy markets due to its international competitiveness in these sectors which guarantees net profit. This means that, especially under the PT government, the priority is given to foster strategic industries rather than the 1990s trade policy of opening domestic markets. These practical interests pursued by Brazilian trade policy is not based on comparative advantage theory, but rather operate as a way of supporting national industrial policy. Third, the Brazilian government has criticized the major countries’ monetary policy to intentionally encourage currency depreciation in the context of the global financial crisis by labeling it as "currency war". One should also note the contradiction of Brazilian policy management. Brazil's aggressive positions about the currency war and its new industrial policy focus on the competitiveness of Brazilian export products. But in their background, there is the conflicting logic of ‘market’ principles, in the currency war offensive, and the strengthening of the role of the ‘state’ in the industrial policy.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론
 Ⅱ. 브라질 외교정책론에서 본 ‘파워외교’
 Ⅲ. 브라질의 국제정치적 ‘파워외교’ 전략
  1. 전략적 기초로서의 MERCOSUR의 가치
  2. 지역적 고립으로부터의 탈피: ‘남남협력’
  3. 파워외교의 상징성: 대미 자주노선
 Ⅳ. 브라질의 국제경제적 ‘파워외교’ 전략
  1. G20+ 결성과 WTO 농산물 수출보조금 철폐협상
  2. 에탄올 외교
  3. 브라질의 ‘환율전쟁’ 공세
 Ⅴ. 결론: 브라질 파워외교의 논리적, 실용적 한계
 참고문헌
 Abstract

저자정보

  • 김원호 Kim, Won-Ho. 한국외국어대학교 국제지역대학원

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