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The main purpose of this paper is to examine the fact that phonological patterns in English are to a great extent dependent on their prosodic structure, and to scrutinize any possible relationship between the prosodic hierarchy and the degree of phonological rule applications. But the discussion here is limited only to the sub-prosodic word (i.e., Wd) in Selkirk (1984)'s prosodic categories. Thus, the main focus will be placed on the analysis of both syllable structure and foot structure in English, on the basis of which this paper will show that the level of the branching node in syllable structure plays a critical role in determining the degree of markedness according to different syllable types and further that the level of the branching node in foot structure also plays an important role in assessing the degree of aspiration, flapping and expletive infixation.