earticle

영어

This study is aimed at elucidating educational implications for today by analyzing Tasan Jeong Yack-Yong’s thoughts regarding elementary education. Especially, this study is focused on his theory named Chohakron(初學論) to find out the implications. Through Chohakron which is a practical theory, he emphasized the knowledge based on real-life experience and practice. According to this practical viewpoint, he denied the value of reading impractical textbooks such as Cheonjamoon(The Thousand Character Classic), Saryak(The Outlined History of China) and Tonggamjeolyo. From the perspective of educational history, the implications of Da-san’s thought are as follows. First, he suggested the education for human equality based on democracy. Second, he emphasized the practical study to promote the welfare and enhance the quality of people’s life. Third, he insisted educational reform as a solution for the social problems of those days. Specifically, he stressed on broadening the scope of study by adding new elements to traditional study. Fourth, he asserted change in elementary education. For example, he wrote Ahhakpyeon by rearranging the contents of Cheonjamoon in order to push ahead the new form of education considering each learner’s intellectual ability and cognitive system. Fifth, he emphasized the sense of national identity through the education. As we can see, the educational theory of Tasan strongly insisted the importance of the specific and practical education as an alternative to overcome the limitation of Neo- Confucianism. Furthermore, these types of ‘learning’ could be beneficial to individuals and society at the same time. Since the emergence of his theory, the theory itself has become an essential factor to the progress of modern elementary education in Korea with enormous influence during the blooming period.

한국어

연구는 조선후기 대표적 실학자인 다산 정약용의 교육사상에 대한 교육사적 의미를 조명하는 데 목적이 있다. 조선 후기 실학자인 다산은 공리공론적 유학의 문제점을 비판하고 실용적 학문관을 중시하였다. 그는 오학론인 성리학, 훈고학, 문장학, 과거학, 그리고 기술학의 문제점을 비판하고 실천 학문을 강조하였다. 이 연구에서는 다산의 대표적 초학서인 아학편을 중심으로 그의 초등교육사상에 대한 교육사적 의미를 규명하고자 한다. 아학편은 당시 대표적 초학용 교과서인 천자문의 문제점을 밝히고 그 해결책으로 편찬한 초학용 교과서다. 다산이 밝힌 불가독설 교재인 천자문과 초학용 교과서인 아학의 편찬배경, 교재의 구성을 통해 현대교육사적 의의를 규명하는데 연구의 의의가 있다. 연구결과 다산의 교육론은 성리학의 한계를 탈피하여 구체적이고 실천적인 교육을 강조함으로써 개인과 국가에 도움이 될 수 있는 실용교육을 강조하였다. 특히 다산의 민권의식, 평등사상, 자주성, 민족주체사상은 한국 개화기 근대 초등교육 발전에 기여한 것으로 규명되었다.