earticle

영어

The Mooshin Revolt which broke out in 1728, the fourth year of King Yeongjo's reign, was triggered by Namin, Soron, and a radical faction combined with local aristocrats called Yangban in an attempt to dethrone King Yeongjo and change the political conditions led by Noron. As it constituted a sort of nationwide civil war waged by those who were excluded from leadership roles in the government, its development and features were different according to area. Besides, records of the Mooshin Revolt are different according to the recorder's political position. Therefore, a study on the Mooshin Revolt requires exploring local history based on an area where a militia group was created and discovering and using new materials. Especially Jeolla-do is an important area for research on the Mooshin Revolt because it was the area where the leading figures of the revolt aggressively worked. However, few studies have been conducted on the Mooshin Revolt in the area. In order to find out the features of the Mooshin Revolt by area, this study analyzed “Mooshinuijeok” out of Honamjeoluirok(湖南節義錄), the historical material of Jeolla-do, examining the features of the Mooshin Revolt in Jeolla-do and activities of loyal troops from Jeolla-do. The Mooshin Revolt in Jeolla-do showed the following two features. First, Jeolla-do was the area where a plan for a revolt was specifically realized even before the Mooshin Revolt. Park Pil-mong, Sim Yu-hyeon and Park Pil-hyeon, the leading figures of the revolt, had established a plan and human network for a nationwide revolt when King Yeongjo ascended to the throne. After they moved into Jeolla-do, as preparatory works, anonymous letters arguing for the removal of King Yeongjo from the throne circulated, gunpowder was stolen to blow up the gate of the castle and to kill the king, and parts of military, including band of thieves of Byeonsan and slaves, had already moved to Gyeonggi-do. Second feature was the governor of Taein Park Pil-hyeon's way of raising an army including official soldiers. The governor of Taein Park Pil-hyeon had colluded with Jeong Sa-hyo, the provincial governor of Jeolla-do, to mobilize their forces in Jeonju using a false claim that they would suppress rebels in Chungcheong-do. However, when a local official of Jeonju caused a communication failure among those who involved in the revolt, making the nation face a civil war-like situation, the claim of suppressing rebels turned out to be false, breaking up Park Pil-hyeon's Taein official soldiers. In Honamjeoluirok(湖南節義錄), on the other hand, according to the development of the Mooshin Revolt by period, the activities of loyal troops of Jeolla-do are recorded as follows. In the early period of the revolt, movements were made to protect Seonggyun-gwan and guard the king. As the revolt developed, loyal troops were raised all over Jeolla-do and then assembled in Namwon. At battles in Anseong and Juksan, Gyeonggi-do which became a turning point for the revolt, loyal troops from Jeolla-do performed outstanding work. During the suppression period of the revolt, along with defending Palryangchi in Namwon and advancing to Hamyang, Gyeongsang-do, suppressing and capturing remaining rebels were conducted. Loyal troops from Jeolla-do did outstanding jobs in defending Palryangchi in Namwon and advancing to Hamyang, Gyeongsang-do. Because of counterattacks from local official solders and loyal troops in Jeolla-do, the rebels withdrew to Hamyang, Gyeongsang-do, failing to advance further. On March 30th, official soldiers and loyal troops from Jeolla-do moved forward into Hamyang and executed Choi Jon-seo. Following this, Jeong Hui-rang was executed in Geochang on April 2nd, completing the suppression of the Mooshin Revolt.