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The Japanese Living and Fishery campaign at Pusan area in compilation time of “The Chronicle of Korea Fishery” Shim, Min-Jung By using the data “The Chronicle of Korea Fishery,” this study described the maritime fishery activities of Japanese people in Pusan area, which they entered for the first time in Korea. Pusan area was the place that Japanese people first entered in Korea and was the most preferred Japanese settlement since it was geographically close to Japan. For this reason, Japanese settlement population was the largest in Pusan until that of Seoul exceeded it in 1908. In addition, surrounded by the sea, Pusan functioned as a place for fishery as well as a harbor. In this regard, a large number of Japanese fishermen settled near the shore of Pusan including Jeolyeong Island and were engaged in fishery activities by establishing migrant fishing villages. Near the coast of Pusan, they caught whales, sea breams, ceros, pike eels, plaices, soles, Japanese needlefish, yellowtail fish, sea eels, stingrays, mussels, Gaebul (Urechis unicinctus) and anchovies, and they processed and sold anchovies by making warehouses for them. As shown in the processing and sales of anchovies, Japanese people residing in Pusan established Pusan Fisheries Company and its affiliated Pusan Fish Market to smoothly conduct their fishery activities and the processing and distribution of their catches. Besides, they founded a table salt factory and Korea Great Salt Sales Company for the production and sales of salt and various shipping firms and shipbuilding plants. It has been confirmed that this way Japanese people living in Pusan gained lots of wealth by entering the field of maritime fishery and did noticeable activities in the field of maritime fishery in Joseon.