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“Three Approaches to Understanding Ernest Hemingway’s Novels(II): Failed Works.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 37.2 (2011): 81-101. This paper aims to analyze four works of failure by Hemingway and to suggest the reasons why these novels failed by discussing the three methods useful in understanding Hemingway’s novels. The three approaches that are suggested in this paper are the essential factors in deciding the success or failure of Hemingway’s works. The three approaches are The Moment of Truth, The Tragic Hero, and The Iceberg Theory Style. All three of these factors are present in Hemingway’s successful works. However, his works of failure lack either one or two of these factors or omitted them completely. As stated above, this paper analyzes the three factors of such failed works as For Whom the Bell Tolls, Across the River and Into the Trees, To Have and Have Not, and The Garden of Eden. For Whom the Bell Tolls is considered as a work of failure because it is not written in the Iceberg Theory Style, although it has both a moment of truth and a tragic hero. Across the River and Into the Trees, To Have and Have Not, and The Garden of Eden are all considered to be failed novels because these three works do not possess any of the three factors at all. (Woosuk University)