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영어

As central as Aristotelianism became to medieval education and intellectual life, Aristotle's natural philosophic works were viewed by Catholic church and theologians with suspicion and hostility through the thirteenth century. Indeed, a conservative theological reaction to Aristotelianism, that is the Condemnation of 1277 issued by the bishop of Paris, Etienne Tempier, produced consequences that profoundly affected the course of medieval philosophy and appears to have influenced the character and substance of later scientific discussion. In section Ⅱ and Ⅲ of this paper, I trace the ecclesiastical reactions to Aristotelianism leading to the Condemnation of 1277. The Parisian prohibition of Aristotle's natural books in 1210 and the demand for their expurgation in 1231 reflect the apprehension of some church authorities. But the scientific and philosophical riches in the Aristotelianism made it inevitable to be included into the medieval university curriculum. In face of this trend, Tempier condemned 219 thesis, many of which contained necessitarianism restricting God's sovereignty and freedom. In section Ⅳ and Ⅴ, I discuss the influence of the Condemnation of 1277 and its relevance to the relation of 'Science and Religion' by the help of previous scholars, including P. Duhem, A. Koyré, and R. Hooykaas. And I pay attention to the voluntarist theology, which encouraged Tempier. In rejecting any limits on God, Tempier unintentionally took away some limitations on the medieval science. In conclusion, I more or less lean to Duhem's and Hooykaas' assertions, that is, belief in God's absolute power served to give birth to the modern scientific methodology included in nominalism of fourteenth century.