earticle

영어

The purpose of this study is to closely investigate Thought Control System in prewar Japan and Korea under Japanese colonial rule. It consisted of the legal and administrative devices used to suppress what Japanese government authorities viewed as radical. There are many people in the world who have become criminals in involved with their own radical thought. They are so called thought criminals. Thought crime is, as it were, to violate the laws of state by means of expressing, propagandizing or coming true radical thought such as communism, socialism, anarchism and so on. And it has originated under Thought Control System which included Preliminary Hearing influenced by the criminal procedure act of France, The Peace Preservation Law, Ideological Transformation, The Probation of Thought Crime Law and Preventive Detention. But Thought Control System in imperial Japan was enforced in colonial Korea and the interpretation and application of the system in Korea was very different from that in Japan. It was applied to the Korean independence movement to protect Japanese imperial regime. The Movement was interpreted as radical and dangerous activities and Korean people trying to be independent of Japanese colonial rule also was considered to be radical and dangerous. Therefore, they were arrested by reason of subverting the laws of state, imposed on probation, enforced to make ideological transformation and even sentenced to dead penalty. Ironically, although Japan was defeated in 1945 and The Republic of Korea was founded in 1948, Thought Control System applied to Korea under Japanese colonial rule has been continued in the laws and systems of the 21st century Korea. Now that Korea is divided south and north, it is so hard to say that thought control is not necessary to national security or social order. To be so, “How much do we enjoy Freedom of Thought ?” We have to try to solve this question clearly for the future.

한국어

어느덧 광복 65년이 지난 오늘에 우리는 살아가고 있다. 일제의 철저한 사상통제 체제하에서 36년 동안 핍박과 수탈을 당한 우리나라는 남과 북으로 분단되어 서로 다른 이념의 장벽에 가로 막혀 통일을 쉽게 짐작할 수 없는 상황임에도 바다 건너 일본은 아직까지도 과거 침략의 역사에 대한 반성의 빛도 없이 겉으로는 세계평화를 주장하면서 다른 한편으로는 독도의 영유권을 주장하고 왜곡된 역사를 어린 학생들에게 가르치는 등 과거 제국주의 부활을 꿈꾸며 극우․보수화의 길을 걸어가고 있다. 일제강점기의 사상통제 체제는 식민지배에 항거하여 독립을 외쳤던 우리의 선조들에게 사상범이라는 멍에를 씌웠고 수많은 갈등과 분열을 경험하도록 했을 뿐만 아니라 광복 이후에도 ‘친일파 청산’․‘과거사 청산’ 등과 같은 민감하고 난해한 문제들을 남겨주고 있다. 이 연구에서는 문헌연구를 통해 일제강점기 사상통제제도의 형성과 변천과정을 중심으로 사상통제 체제의 핵심적 구성요소인 예심제도․사상범 예방구금제도․사상전향제도․사상범 보호관제도의 도입배경과 적용과정 등을 역사적인 맥락에서 살펴보고자 한다.