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The purpose of this was to exploration on the task of physical education and understanding of multicultural society in korea. Objectives of this study were (1) to compare multicultural society between Korea and countries in western. Korean and countries in western have formal semblance but have different cause-and-effect in multicultural society. For example, USA immigration law permit permanent settlement but Korea immigration law prohibit permanent settlement. USA adopted the territorial principle but Korea adopted the personal(nationality) principle. So a large number of people immigrated and settled in USA and mass(collective) immigrants is usual in USA. But temporary immigration and individual immigrants is usual in Korea. (2) to compare multicultural society of urban areas and rural areas in Korea. There is a great differences between urban areas and rural areas in multicultural society in Korea. Temporary andidence laborers and temporary andidents are main cause of multicultural society in urban areas of Korea. But id trnational marriage women immigrants are main cause of multicultural society in rural areas of Korea. (3) to compare two approaches to multicultural society. One is based on a sense of human right and public welfare and the other based on a sense of economics and policy. And the tasks of physical education in a multicultural society as follow. First, physical education in a multicultural society have to focus on integration of society. Second, the curriculum of physical education must be reorganized. Third, the effective study organization must be designed.