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The Panini grammar refers to the sanskrit grammar which was compiled around 600 B.C. by Panini, a distinguished Indian grammarian. Since the Panini grammar has been passed down well up to now, a half million people in India still learn and use Sanskrit as Panini spoke without a minor change. Bloomfield(1933) praised the Panini grammar as "This grammar is one of the greatest monuments of human intelligence. ...... No other language, to this day, has been
so perfectly described."
Before he described Sanskrit grammatical system, Panini had made the lists of every lexical items and affixes, as precedent work, including verbal roots, alphabetic indices of verbal stems, semantically assorted verbal stems, verbal stems with a special mark, noun stems, prefixes and suffixes and etc. The Panini grammar contains 4,000 sutra (grammatical rules), and at the end of description, Panini arranged the rules in alphabetic order for easy access.
The grammatical description of the Panini grammar was carried out in following ways: First, it is organized in a comprehensive manner without dividing phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Second, the rules are formulated in a way for easy reciting. Third, a symbolic system is employed to simplify the rules. Fourth, the deep and surface structures are separated and finally, relevant notes are provided so that no rules are repeated or left out. Most importantly,
it should be noted that the Panini grammar is rule-generative in that it is not for grammatical knowledge but for language acquisition.