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This study aims at analysing the effects of self-efficacy and competitive state anxiety of learning
high jump on attiributional styles by sampling 5th and 6th grade students in elementary school. That is to say, this is based on the theory of self-efficacy of Bandura(1977) and the theory of Attribution of Weiner. Self-efficacy and Competitive state anxiety are selected as independent variable and attributional styles(ability, effort, fortune, item-difficulty etc.) as dependent variable. With analysis of the related data by the methods of Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) also regression analysis, the results of the experiment are as follows.
1) Compared with the failure group in high jump, the success group obtained higher scores in both self-efficacy and performance self-efficacy. However, in cognitive state of anxiety and physical state of anxiety there were little statistical difference between them. It is turned out that success group put the cause for the results on their efforts other than the failure one. This shows that success group attribute to the internal controllable factors when succeeding. 2) Outcome self-efficacy and performance self-efficacy are the positive variables effecting on attribution of ability and effort. In Attribution of fortune and of item-difficulty, only self-efficacy was the negatively effecting variable. In other words, the higher outcome self-efficacy and performance self-efficacy a group has, the more it tended to attribute the cause for the success of the task to fortune or to item-difficulty. 3) Cognitive state of anxiety was a negative variable effecting on the attribution of fortune. This means the more of the cognitive state of anxiety, the more it tends to attribute the cause for the success to inability.
Consequently, it is assumed that this study has similar results of the precedent studies however also has some opposite points of view so that this study is considered acknowledged according to the hypothesis. It is also considered that the theory of self-efficacy of Bandura(1977) and the theory of Attribution of Weiner are valid and there should be much more study on this field.